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EVALUATION OF SOME WHEAT GENOTYPES UNDER DIFFERENT LEVELS OF DROUGHT STRESS
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Abstract: This study was undertaken to evaluate the response of yield of eighteen Egyptian wheat genotypes under both of normal irrigation (YP) and water stress (YS) conditions. The field experiments were conducted in Assuit Research Station, Assuit Governorate, Egypt during 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 growing seasons. Based on drought indices MP, GMP, STI, genotypes 5 and 2 were identified as suitable genotypes under water stress conditions; in addition they gave lower values of TOL and SSI. Total applied irrigation amount was 2722 m3/fed under normal irrigation conditions, and 1633 m3/fed under stress conditions. The values of WCU were 2042 and 1225 m3/fed, respectively. Similar trend was observed for WUE. It is evident that genotype 5 is potentially used water more efficiently. Under of full and deficit irrigation, genotypes 2 and 5 expressed the highest yield and WP surpassing the commercial varieties. Finally genotypes 2 and 5 are more suitable for normal irrigation and water stress compared with other tested genotypes as well as possessing high values of MP, GMP, and STI and gave low values of SSI and TOL. The results indicated that these genotypes were more tolerant to water deficit and more desirable genotypes to both full and deficit irrigations. Correlation analysis indicated that grain yields under both of stress (Ys) and non-stress conditions (Yp) were highly significant and positively correlated with STI, GMP, Ys and MP. Therefore, these indices are more appropriate in screening high-yielding wheat cultivars than those of SSI and TOL. Principal component analysis classified the tested genotypes into two groups. The two groups justified 70.96 % and 27.57 % of the total variation, respectively, with different drought tolerance indices and accounted for 98.52% of the total variation. Also cluster analysis classified the tested genotypes into four main groups (clusters) where each group contained the genotypes that showed similar yield potential and drought tolerance. The first cluster contained two promising genotypes namely; lines 2 and 5 that were characterized by medium and high grain yield in each of the normal and drought recording the lowest grain yield reduction (17.58 and 22.14 % ton/fed). They occupied the first and second ranks among the tolerant genotypes for drought stress. Accordingly, results exhibited the presence of considerable genetic diversity among the tested genotypes would gave a good chance to achieve genotypic improvement of wheat through the hybridization among genotypes taken from divergent clusters.
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| Publication year |
2018
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| Organization Name |
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| serial title |
المجلة المصرية لتربية النبات
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| Author(s) from ARC |
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| External authors (outside ARC) |
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| Publication Type |
Journal
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