role of genotype, explant, cultural conditions and their interactions in callus induction and plant regeneration from sunflower
Abstract: To increase the regeneration ability in sunflower, different explants of seven genotypes were cultured under different environmental conditions. Callus induction from immature embryos, cotyledons and hypocotyls was 100% on media with sucrose less than 12% and tended to initiate somatic embryos. High sucrose concentration of 12% caused reduction in number of regenerated plants/immature embryo. The data indicated that the dark conditions at the first steps of culture is very important for regeneration, since it resulted in higher number of regenerated plants than light conditions. For plant regeneration protocol 2 was the best (3.7 plants/immature embryo) followed by protocol 1 (2.7 plants) and protocol 3 (2.6 plants) under dark conditions. Mean number of regenerated plants/immature embryo varied from one genotype to another. The highest number of regenerated plants was achieved by the synthetic population (2.4 plants/immature embryo) followed by HEL 226 (1.9 plants) and Line B (1.8 plants). While the lowest number of regenerated plants/immature embryo (0.6) was produced by the genotype HEL 179. These data suggest that plant regeneration from immature embryos of sunflower is dependent on the genotype.
Total number of regenerated plants induced from callus or somatic embryo derived from each cotyledon was generally higher under dark (9.3 plants) than under light conditions (7.9 plants) with all tested protocols except protocol No. 8. The highest number or regenerated plants/ cotyledon was produced with protocol 3 under both dark and light conditions (3.9 and 2.9 plants, respectively), followed by protocol 6 (1.9 and 1.6 plants, respectively). This suggests that high regeneration frequency could be obtained from calli derived from cotyledons cultured on MS medium supplemented by excess of KNO3 (5 g L-1). Generally, Syn. Pop.showed the highest regeneration (1.3 plants/ cotyledon) while HEL 179 was the lowest one (0.8 plants).
Protocol No. 3 was also the best for giving the highest number of regenerated plants/young hypocotyl under dark and light conditions (2.9 and 2.0 plants, respectively). The regeneration from hypocotyls under light was better than that under dark conditions using protocols 1, 2, 4, 7 and 8, while the opposite was true using protocols 3, 5 and 6. Syn. Pop. showed the highest number (2.2 plants), while HEL 226 showed the lowest (0.9 plants). Protocol 3 (consisted of HaR, HaR2, M1, S and R media) and hypocotyl explant are the best in obtaining the highest regeneration ability of calli. The synthetic population was the best genotype in regeneration ability from immature embryos, cotyledons and young hypocotyls.

Publication year 2003
Pages 195-212
Availability location معهد بحوث المحاصيل الحقلية- 9 ش الجامعة – الجيزة
Availability number
Organization Name
serial title مجلد المؤتمر الثالث لتربية النبات-الجيزة 26 أبريل 2003
Author(s) from ARC
External authors (outside ARC)
    إبراهيم محمد عامر - قسم البحوث النباتية – مركز البحوث النووية – أبو زعبل
    عادل حب الله قسم المحاصيل – كلية الزراعة – جامعة القاهرة
    رضا شبانة قسم المحاصيل – كلية الزراعة – جامعة القاهرة
Agris Categories Agriculture - General aspects
AGROVOC
TERMS		 Callus. Helianthus annuus.
Publication Type Conference/Workshop
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