Comparative stidies on rodenticies
Abstract: Serial experiments had been conducted to, study the effectiveness and efficiency of zinc phosphide acute poison and some anticoagulants against several the rodent species under laboratory and field conditions. Also an attempts were run to raise their efficiency.
The results obtained could be summarized as follows:
I- Acute poison (zinc phosphide)
1- The acute oral LD50 of zinc phosphide to male albino rat, Rattus norveqicus was 31.6 mg/kg.b.w.
2- Susceptibility of different rodent species to zinc phosphide bait. differed from one species to another since. the Norway rat, Rattus norveqicus was the most awrarene from zinc phosphide bait followed by Arvicanthis nilot.ic:us and Rattus rattus, while, Mus musculus was the lowest one whereas it accepted the new poisoned bait after short period. On the other hand, zinc phosphide caused complete mortality.
Time to death differed according the tested Species where M. musculus and R. rattus died rapidly (after 5.5 and 6.3 h.from uptaking poisoned bait) while A. niloticus and R. norveqicus took long time for death (24.4 and 29.2 b.)
3-There is no considerable difference when zinc phosphide was carried on crushed maize or on sound sorghum grain against Meriones shawi and A. niloticus. Generally, zinc phosphide bait was more efficient against A. niloticus population than M. shawi under the field conditions.
4- Zinc phosphide bait: gave a good results against A. niloticus and diminished the mount required from bait when it was introduced in plastic sacks than when offered directly inside the burrows.
5-The trials conducted to overcoming bait shyness phenomenon associated with zinc phosphide bait indicated that:
(a) Under laboratory conditions, crushed wheat bait was the most prefered one for albino rat, R.norvegicus followed by crushed barley and sorghum.
Also rat urine additive showed high preference to rats preferedbaits followed by fish meal and molasses.
(b) Albino rat, R.norvegicus accepted zinc phosphide when offered the different and additives either using non choice or free choice methods for different time.
6- Field studies for overcoming bait shyness cleared that it could breake this phenomenon in the cases of the domenant species M.shawi at newly reclaimed are and A.niloticus at the old land by using zinc phosphide bait treatments. The results showed a promising effect to overcome this phenomenon in the case of M.shawi than with A.niloticus
II. Chronic poisons (anticoagulants)
1-Three out of the four investigated singl dose anticoagulants caused complete mortality. for R.rattus. under laboratory conditions. These were super caid (bromadiolone 0.005%), klerat super (brodifacoam 0.003%),and stratagem (flocoumafen 0.003%), while WL. 108366(flocoumafen0.002%) gave only 80% mortality. This finding indicate that concentration of active ingredient must be not less than 0.003% for single dose anticoagulants.
For multidose anticoaqulants rat killer(difenacoum 0.002%) and caid (chlorophacinone 0.005%) achived complete Mortality while T: R: C (diphacinone 0.005%) failed to cause complete mortality (90) Super caid was the most accept for rats and T.R.C was the lowest Time to death varied according to the investigated anticoagulants. The longest time was occured with WL. 108366 (10.4 days) and the shortest was super caid (5.4 days).
2- For evaluation the same previous anticoagulants under the field coditions against A.niloticus, klerat super was the most effective followed by super caid the stratagem. (WL 108366) was lowest in case of single dose anticoagulants Regarding multi-dose anticoagulants. a little difference was recorded for the effectiveness of the three investigated anticoagulants.
On the other hand, when some of these anticoagulants were tested against M.shawi under field conditions of Nubaria area,super caid failed to achive reasonable results (27.2% population reduction), while klerat super and rat killer gave 75.0 and 66.7% population reduction, respectively.
Generally, A.niloticus was more susceptable for the different anticoagulants than M.shawi.
3- Multi dose anticoagulants, that applied by saturation baiting method, could be applied and gave a good results by using a little amount of them inside the bait station (100 g) instead of the recommended amount (250 g).
4- Serial of trials had been carried out to test the synergistic action of sulphaquinoxaline to brodifacoum anticoagulant, the results showed that:
(a) 5.8% from brodifacoum relative to daily food consumption gave only 20% mortality while 7 and 8.4% caused complete mortality. The effect of anticoagulant appeared on the second and third days after treatment on bleeding time of rats and disappeared at the seventh day.
(b) Sulphaquinoxaline did not affect on the bleeding time or mortality of rats when tested alone with different doses.
(c) Sulphaquinoxaline only enhanced the efficiency of anticoagulant when it was given several times i.e 7 days before treatment.
Publication year 1991
Availability location معهد بحوث وقاية النباتات - ش نادى الصيد - الدقى - الجيزة
Availability number
Organization Name
Country Egypt
Publisher Name: كليه الزراعه-جامعه القاهرة
Place: جيزة-مصر
Author(s) from ARC
Agris Categories Protection of plants - General aspects
AGROVOC
TERMS		 Anticoagulants. Bromadiolone. Chlorophacinone. Mortality. Rodenticides. Zinc phosphide.
Publication Type Master Thesis
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