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Some new appoaches to protect agricultural environment in Qenna region (Upper Ehypt) against some insect pests
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Abstract: The mainly goal of this study is the protection of agricultural environment in Qena Governorate using certain new approaches. Studie concern with the plant coverage and general survey of insects persiste in this area of Egypt using two light-traps distributed at Nage-Hammadi and Qena Districts throughout 24 successive months from April, 1992 till March, 1994.
It could be summarized the following results :
I : General survey :
Seven Orders contain 15 Families having 29 Species belong to 25 Genera were surveyed in Qena Governorate using light-traps. Total number of captured insects was 41448 insects during the whole period of investigation (April, 92 - March, 94). During the first season of survey (April, 92 - March, 93) 20776 insects were caught in the two used light-traps whereas, 20672 insects were caught during the second season (April, 93 - March, 94).
II : Ecoloeical Studies on Some Key Insect Pests :
A- Ecological studies on the black cutworm, A. ipsilon :
1. Winter months harboured the highest activity of A. ipsilon than autumn and spring months respectively. However, summer months showed the lowest activity of this insect during the two studied years.
2. Black cutworm had 3 generations in Qena district. The first generation started during the second half of October. The second generation started at the end of January or the first week of February and the third generation started during the second half of April.
3. Night minimum temperature proved to be the key factor which strongly effect on the population density of black cutworm.
4. Black cutworm has a wide range of host plants. The infestation affected by planting season more than the plant cultivars.
B- Ecoloizical studies on the lesser cotton leafworm, S exieua :
l. S. exigua could be persisted in Qena Governorate allround the year . It had two broods during the year. The first brood took place within the period of April-July having 3 peaks of activity. The second brood occurred during the second half of July till the last week of October.
2. In 1992/1993 S. exigua had 8 overlapping generations, while in 1993/1994 this insect had 10 overlapping generations.
3. Daily maximum temperature was the most effective weather factor on the activity of this pest.
4. Number of S. exigua larvae infested field crops varried according to the crop type and the period of growing. Planting maize after onion in rotation will save it of infestation as onion had not been attacked by lesser cotton leafworm inspite of its activity during onion growing period.
C- Ecological studies on the mole-cricket, G. africana :
1. G. africana had two main periods of abundance yearly. The first relatively tow population extended between March and May, while the second extended from June to December and represent the bulk of the annual population .
2. The amount of variance in the seasonal catch explained by four tested weather factors (daily max. temp., night min. temp., R.H % and wind velocity) was 89.7 % and 86.1 % during the two studied years respectively .
3. The attractiveness of the growing crop decided the rate of molecricket infestation. Maize following a bean crop is likely to receive a higher mole-cricket infestation than if it followed onion .
III : Performance and efficacy of pitfall traps in reducing the population of mole-cricket in pepper field :
1. The efficacy of trapping (catch/trap/day) increased by the increase of traps number per feddan .
2. Tewnty traps / feddan was the most effective number for controlling mole-cricket without using any polluting material on pepper.
Chemical control of A. ipsilon :
1. A. ipsilon 4th instar larvae was more sensetive to cyanophos compound than other tested compounds; fenvalerate, prempet and pyriproxyfen. LC50 of these 4 compounds was 45.46, 60.69, 78.66 and 123.19 ppm respectively.
2. Mortality percentages increased as the tested compounds concentrations increased .
3. Pyriproxyfen acted as antifeedant agent decreasing the weight of
full-growon larvae.
4. Fenvalerate and cyanophos increased weight of A. ipsilon pupae. while pyriproxyfen and prempet had no obvious effect on the pupae's weight but caused failure moulting of pupae.
5. Pyriproxyfen and prempet in this study decreased the percentages of pupation, percentages of emergency, numbers of depositee, egg/female and percentages of hatchability .
6. In field trials, prempet, fenvaterate and cyanophos were almost equi-toxic in poisonous baits for cutworm while pyriproxyfen was the least effective on it but the implementation of this juvenoid in IPM programme for controlling cutworm seems necessary.
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| Publication year |
1997
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| Availability location |
معهد بحوث وقاية النباتات 7 ش نادى الصيد - دقى - جيزة
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| Availability number |
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| Organization Name |
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| Country |
Egypt
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| Publisher |
Name:
كليه الزراعه-جامعه عين شمس
Place:
كليه الزراعه-جامعه عين شمس-مصر
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| Author(s) from ARC |
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| Agris Categories |
Protection of plants - General aspects
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AGROVOC
TERMS |
Agrotis ipsilon.
Chemical control.
Environment.
Gryllotalpa.
Pest insects.
Population density.
Spodoptera exigua.
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| Publication Type |
PhD Thesis
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