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Sample size and genetic analysis of grain yield and its components in four populations from bread wheat crosses
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Abstract: This study was carried out during 2012/2013, 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 growing seasons in order to determine the optimum sample size the mode of gene action and inheritance pattern of yield components for using them as indicators of high grain yield in F1 and F2 populations of four bread wheat crosses grown in the experimental farm of the New Valley Agricultural Research Station, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt. The results reflected significance of variability within and among the filial generations in most studied traits; also the F2 variance was higher than F1 and parents ones. The recommended optimum sample size for F2 generation ranged from 60 to 300 plants. High heritability estimates, coupled with high to moderate expected response to selection (predicted genetic gain), varied among traits and was of similar magnitude in all crosses, leading to improve yield-related traits, especially for number of kernels per spike and grain yield per plant. As a general rule, results indicated that all traits except grain yield per plant are controlled by a relatively small number (1 to 4) of genes showing partial to over-dominance, suggesting that few selection cycles would be enough to obtain the required accumulation of the favorable alleles controlling them in these crosses. Significant and positive heterosis estimate was recorded for all traits, except for thousand-kernel weight in the all crosses. Regarding to inbreeding depression, significant and positive values were obtained for grain yield/plant in the fourth (Sids-12 X Line4) cross and for number of kernels/spike in the first (Misr-1 X Line1) and second (Sakha-93 X Line2) crosses. It was suggested that the selection for all traits, except for thousand-kernel weight, would be effective to yield increasing in early segregating generations due to additive gene effects.
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| Publication year |
2016
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| Pages |
821-833
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| Publication Type |
Journal
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