Abstract: ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
• Mansoura Journal of Agricultural Economics and Social Sciences, Mansoura University, Vol.(3), No.(8), Mansoura, Egypt, August 2012.
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The research problem is summarized in the low rate of self-sufficiency and increasing in imports bill in broad beans crop in Egypt, at the same time which Egypt suffers from a significant decrease in the cash reserve of foreign currencies.
The research aimed to study the geographical distribution of Egyptian Faba bean imports, in order to obtain the same quantity of imports at the lowest cost possible to reduce the import bill and made available to consumers at reasonable prices.
The study used descriptive and statistical analysis, where the index number and the trend model to measure the evolution of different variables related to the research. Stability factor used for measuring the degree of fluctuation in the amount and value and the import price of imports. linear programming model used to minimize the value of Egyptian imports yield of Faba bean and adopted the research of secondary data for the period (1990-2010).
The results showed decreased in production of Faba bean crop during the period (1990 - 2010) by about 1% per year, in order to decrease the cultivated area by about 3% per annum, despite the increasing productivity of by about 1.9% per year. The results showed low rate of self-sufficiency of Faba bean to 28% in 2008 , in order to increase the total consumption during the period (1990-2010), by about 3.8% annually ,in order to increase the average per capita by about 2.4% annually, while the decreased the total production by about 1% per year.
The results showed that , the amount , value and price of Egyptian imports from Faba bean increased during the growing period (1990 - 2010). The rate of annual increase was about 6.2%, 8.8%, 13.1%, for each of them respectively. The results showed the instability of Egypt's imports of Faba bean during the period (1990 - 2010) as the value of coefficient stability were 37.2, 35.1, 45.1 for each value, quantity and the import price respectively, while the ideal situation for the stability of imports is zero.
The results show that Egypt's imports of crop Faba bean has been characterized by concentration in the three countries : France , the United Kingdom and Australia, where they form about 95.6%, 95.2% of Egypt's total imports of Faba bean for both quantity and value respectively as an average year for the period (2006 to 2010 ). France occupied first ranking by about 44.3%, 45.8% for both quantity and value, respectively, The United Kingdom ranked second at about 36.1%, 36.5% for both quantity and value respectively, occupies Australia ranked third by about 15.2%, 12.9% for both quantity and value respectively.
The results indicated that the Egyptian imports of Faba bean has amounted to about 201.2 thousand tons, valued at about 739.3 LE million as average for the period (2006-2010), and the results of linear programming model revealed that the value of Egyptian imports from Faba bean that can be imported with a quantity of about 718.3 million pounds , which save about 21 million pounds, represents 2.8% of the value of imports from Egypt, Faba bean for a period of study, And the amount imported will distributed to the same countries that are importing from the majority of Egypt's imports of Faba bean, a United Kingdom, France and Australia, where growing Egypt's imports of broad bean from Australia, from about 30.5 thousand tons, representing about 15.2% in the current situation to about 58.4 tons represent about 29% in the proposed model, also increased the amount of Egypt's imports of Faba bean proposed Estradha from the United Kingdom from about 72.7 thousand tons, representing 36% in the current situation to about 80.5 thousand tons, representing 40% of the proposed model, the increase came in the amount of Egypt's imports of broad bean from both Australia and the United Kingdom at the expense of lower amount of Egypt's imports of Faba bean proposed to be imported from France, which fell from about 89.2 thousand tons, representing about 44.3% in the current situation to about 62.4 thousand tons, representing about 31% in the proposed model.
The study recommended to import Egyptian Faba bean from (Australia) Without prejudice to the quality of imported commodity and, and do not focus Egyptian imports from one or a limited number of countries, so does not affect the provision of such item in the event that these states to the circumstances of unfavorable economic Aossayash. The study also recommended to increase production of Faba bean harvest in Egypt by increasing crop acreage, and continue to improve levels of productivity by breeding , propagation and dissemination of Faba bean varieties using high-yield and resistance to diseases and pests.
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