Abstract: _________________________________________________________________________________________________
• Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Economics, Vol. 28, No. 1, March 2018.
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Sugar cane is one of the important strategic crops, and it is considered one of the main crops in the Egyptian industry.
The research problem is that the local sugar production does not face the needs of domestic consumption, Therefore we need to import from abroad. Thus we should study the status of sugar cane and sugar in Egypt and identify its comparative advantage.
The research aims to study some of the economic indicators of sugar at the global and local level, to achieve the aim of research we should study some economic indicators of sugar cane yield, measuring the stability coefficient to determine the stability or fluctuation of the cultivated area and productivity of sugar cane crop, and then analyzed the agricultural policy of sugar cane crop using the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM).
The research showed that the global production and consumption of sugar and the rate of individual consumption and the global price have taken increased trend and significant increased with about 2.45, 2.89, 1.76, 2.85% respectively, while The production, domestic consumption, rate of per capita consumption and domestic prices at the local level increased by 3.84, 3.15, 1.14 and 10.65%, respectively, during the period (2000-2016).
In addition, The area, production costs, local price and revenue of sugar cane have significant increased with about 0.18, 8.67, 10.8 and 14.43% respectively, while the yield decreased by 0.32%.
Also the study showed that the cultivated area of, Asyut, Fayoum, Sohag, Qena, Aswan, and Minya were the most economic stability with about 24 %, 18 %, 16 %, 15 %, 5 % and 4 % respectively, while and Luxor were the least economic stability, during the period (2000-2016).
As for the stability coefficient for the productivity of the sugar cane crop, the most stable governorates were Asyut, Minya, Fayoum, Luxor, Sohag, Aswan, and Qena with about 15%, 10 %, 9%, 6 %, 5 %, 2 % ,1 % respectively during the period (2000-2016).
Based on analysis of the policy analysis matrix for the period (2014-2016), that showed the nominal protection coefficient of production, the nominal protection coefficient of inputs, the effective protection coefficient, the comparative advantage coefficient, the cost ratio coefficient, the support coefficient for agricultural producers, was about 1.36, 0.94 , 1.55, 0.46, 0.69, and 22.11, respectively.
Finally, the research was recommended some important recommendations such as:
- The importance of vertical development to increase productivity by produce new varieties, in addition to the role of agricultural extension in the application of technical recommendations and technology for sugar crops.
- Guidance the investments towards establishment of new factors to extract sugar by using modern technology with attention to the efficiency of existing factories and increase their capacity as much as possible to reduce losses in manufacturing.
- Utilization of waste manufacturing for sugar cane to increase the added value to cover the needs of the candy factories and the soft water.
- Refining the import raw sugar in sugar factories in non-production seasons to benefit from the difference between import cost of raw sugar and refined sugar.
-Rationalization of individual consumption, cultural and health awareness, in addition to changing consumption patterns in rural and urban areas.
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