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Varietal field crop identification by chemical methods
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Abstract: The aim of the present study work was to find out some chemical methods for barley cultivar identification. Ten barley cultivars, i.e., sahrawy, Giza 119, Giza 117, Giza 121, Giza 123, Bonus, California, Emir, CC89 and L.366/13/1 were used. The chemical analysis for varietal identification were: general chemical composition; protein fractions obtained by different solvent; oil content and its fatty acid and unsaponifiable patterns, and protein fractions obtained by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and isozymes patterns of barley seeds. The results of the present work can be summereized as follows:
1- The values of the general chemical composition of the seeds differed according to the barley cultivars. According to the statistical analysis of the data, barley cultivars can be classified into different categories and the varietal belong to each category contained the same value of a particular chemical composition.
2- The proteins of barley grains were fractionated into albumins, globulins, prolamins and glutelins using different solvents. The data of protein fractions of barley seeds suggest that this parameter can be a useful approach to classify barley cultivars into different categories. Referring to statistical analysis, there were no significant differences between the individuals of each single category.
3- The oil content of barley cultivars was in the range of 1.91- 2.41%. Consequently, barley grains can be considered as a vary poor source of lipids. The iodine values of barley lipids of different varieties were in the rane of 102-130. Hence, barley lipids were belong to the semi-drying oil group.
4- The fatty acids of barley varieties were fractionated by GLC and 7 fatty acids were identified. The degree of unsaturation (DU) as well as the fatty acid patterns can be used as a criteria to differentiate between barley cultivars. In general, the results of DU demonstrated that barley cultivars can be classified into various categories. However, the fatty acid profile can be used as a finger print to distinguish barley varietal differences.
5- The hydrocarbons of the unsaponifiable fraction of barley lipids were fractionated by GLC. The levels of various hydrocarbons differed according to the barley cultivar. The chromatograms representing the hydrocarbon patterns of barley cultivars can be used as a finger print to characterize a particular barley culivar.
6- Barley proteins were fractionated by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. Also, the isozymes of certain enzyme systems of the barley cultivars were fractionated electrophoretically. According, to the electrophoregrams and zymograms of barley cultivars understudy taking into account a combination of spot or band numbers and location and differences in intensity ratio of spots or bands it is easy to characterize the barley cultivars.
7- It is conceivable that isozyme separation technique of barley cultivars is the method of choice for varietal differentiation especially alcohol dehydrogenase isozymes and esterase (+) isozyme enzyme systems.
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| Publication year |
1994
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| Organization Name |
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| Country |
Egypt
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| Department |
Seed Technology Research
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| Author(s) from ARC |
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| Agris Categories |
Crop husbandry
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| Proposed Agrovoc |
محاصيل حقلية;
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| Publication Type |
Master Thesis
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