|
|
Response Of Sugarcane Plant And First Ratoon To Salinity Stress
|
|
Abstract: The increasing awareness of sugar production may result in growing sugarcane crop on soils where salinity may develop from the use of saline irrigation water. Hence, salt tolerance in four local sugarcane cultivars namely; PH 80-3, Giza 19-95, GT 54-9, and Giza 21-95, grown under two K-fertilization rates i.e., 48 and 96 kg K2O/fed., was determined in a 2-years pot study. Six salinity treatments were imposed on a silty clay soil by irrigation with tap water salinized with NaCl and CaCl2 (1:1 w/w). Electrical conductivity of the irrigation waters EC1 ranged from 0.54 to 6.15 dS/m. Vegetative growth and sugar yield were measured for plant and first ratoon crops.
In both seasons of study, the examined cultivars indicated significant differences in terms of tillers number, cane diameter, plant height, stalk weight, and sugar yield with increasing soil salinity, EC from 1.19 to 9.50 dS/m. The piecewise response model was used to determine the negative correlation of relative stalk and sugar yield with EC values. The relative sugar yield was unaffected by soil salinity up to an average of 1.51 dS/m. Each unit increase in soil salinity above this threshold reduced the sugar yield by 6.56 and 7.88% for plant and ratoon crops, respectively. Likewise, stalk weight response displayed the same performance, so it can be suggested that the ratoon crop is more salt sensitive than plant crop.
GT 54-9 cultivar was found to be the most salt tolerant among the studied cultivars as it produced supplementary tillers, thickest canes, tallest plants, and the highest stalk weight. As for sugar production both GT 54-9 and Giza 19-95 cultivars may be regarded as the most salt tolerant. Where GT 54-9 and Giza 19-95 produced higher plant sugar yield by 8.4% than the other two cultivars, while Giza 19-95 was superior in ratoon sugar yield by 3.50, 8.25 and 11.91% than GT 54-9, PH 80-13 and Giza 21-95, respectively. Doubling the potassium rates had insignificant effect on tillers number and cane diameter but significantly affected the plant height, stalk weight, and sugar yield. The above results indicated also that the reduction in stalk weight was attributed mainly to the reduction in plant higher rather than cane diameter and/or tillers number.
Keywords: Sugarcane, water and soil salinity, salt tolerance
|
| Publication year |
2005
|
| Pages |
148-157
|
| Availability location |
معهد بحوث المحاصيل السكرية
|
| Availability number |
مركز البحوث الزراعية - ش الجامعه - الجيزة
|
| Organization Name |
|
| serial title |
Alex. Sci. Exch
|
| Author(s) from ARC |
|
| Agris Categories |
Protection of plants - General aspects
|
| Publication Type |
Journal
|