Two field experiments were carried out during two successive winter seasons of 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 at the Experimental Farm, El Kassasein Research Station, Ismailia Governorate, to clarify the effects of partial substitution of chemical phosphorus fertilizer by the inoculation with mixed genera of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and Bacillus megaterium bacteria on growth, yield and pod quality of sugar pea plants (Pisum sativum var. macrocarpon) cv. Giant sugar grown under sandy soil conditions using drip irrigation system.
Results show that there were significant increases in vegetative growth characters, yield and it's components as well as some chemical constituents of pods as a result of increasing mineral phosphorus fertilizer level from 25% up to 100% of the recommended dose. Inoculation of sugar pea seeds with AMF + B. megaterium recorded the maximum values of vegetative growth characters, yield and it's components as well as chemical constituents of pods compared to the individual treatment from AMF or B. megaterium.
The interaction treatment between mineral phosphorus fertilizer at 100% of recommended dose plus dual inoculation of seeds with AMF and B. megaterium gave the highest values of vegetative growth characters, yield and it's components as well as chemical constituents of pods followed by the interaction between mineral phosphorus at 75% of the recommended dose plus dual inoculation of AMF and Bacillus megaterium without significant differences between them in most cases.
The highest values of nitrogenase, dehydrogenase enzyme activities, number of nodules and total count of B. megaterium colony were recorded with AMF + B. megaterium + 50 or 75% phosphorus after 80 days from sowing in both seasons. While, the highest significant effect of AMF colonization was recorded when combined with the dual treatment plus 25% phosphorus level

The experiment was carried out to evaluate the influence of depth and nitrogen level of anhydrous ammonia injection on growth, yield and its components and chemical contents of leaves of cotton plants as well as some soil properties. Two field experiments under conditions of Middle Egypt, were performed in Sids, Beni Swif Governorate, Experimental Field using two depth of anhydrous ammonia, i.e. 15 and 30 cm under three nitrogen level (30, 60 and 75 kg fed). The results show that, as increasing the depth of applicatoin from 15 to 30 cm, plant height, number of fruiting branches/plant, number of open bolls/plant, boll weight, lint percentage and seed cotton yield were significantly increased. Also, leaf contents of nutrient (N, P and K) and pigments (chlorophyll A and chlorophyll B and Carotenoids) and the soil available nitrogen after harvest were increased. While, earliness percentage and pH values after harvest were decreased. Seed index, fiber properties, namely, Micronaire reading and Pressly index and the availability of phosphorus and potassium did not affect by appliction depth.
Increasing nitrogen level were significanlty increased plant height, number of fruiting branches, boll weight, nutrient, and pigment contents in cotton leaves and nitrogen availability. While, nitrogen level had a negative effect on earliness percentage and soil reaction. Increasing nitrogen level to 60 kg/fed produced highest values of number of open bools/plant, lint percentage and seed cotton yield and then these parameters decreased as further increasing of nitrogen level to 75 kg/fed. Nitrogen level did not influence seed index, fiber properties and the availability of phosphorus and potassium

This study focused on formulating bio-organic fertilizers using solid agricultural wastes i.e., rice straw and Agro-industrial effluents i.e. vinasse to prepare liquid extracts and non-chemical additives for growing bacteria and cyanobacteria successfuly to produce biofertilizer for rice crop in saline soils, reduce harmful nitrogenous fertilizers and evaluate the enviro-economic output of this study.This study comprises of two parts The first part: A laboratory experiment for preparing rice straw broth medium (RSBM) using pretreated rice straw and vinasse as low cost organic medium for PGPR bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens), salt tolerant cyanobacteria (Spirulina platensis) and N2-fixing cyanobacteria (Nostoc muscorum and Anabaena oryzae) propagation to be used as bio-organic fertilizers for rice cultivation in saline soils in order to replace about 50% of the recommended dose of chemical N-fertilizers.The second part: The application of the formulated biofertilizer in field experiments during two successive seasons in 2012 and 2013 at Sahl El-hossinia Research Farm Station, El-Sharkia Governorate, (ARC), Egypt. The field expermients were to investigate the potentiality of the formulated biofertilizers (Cyanobacteria, bacteria and RSBM) to components about 50% of the recommended dose of urea on growth, yield and yield components of rice crop under saline soil conditions as well as studying their effects on some biological activities in soil. Results revealed that cyanobacterial counts, total bacterial counts, CO2 evolution as well as dehydrogenase (DHA) and nitrogenase (N2-ase) activities were conspicuously affected by cyanobacteria, bacteria and/or RSBM tretments best results were achieved by the combined treatment.Total phenolic content of rice shoot, rice yeild and its components and NPK uptake were studied. Results indicated that application of Cyanobacteria, bacteria and RSBM significantly increased nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents of rice grains and straw Moreover, the composite biofertilizer encompassing Cyanobacteria, bacteria and RSBM showed several benefits over chemical fertilizers and improved fertility of saline soils in. Additionally, using biologically fixed nitrogen as a partial alternative to chemical N-fertilizer could have great potential for limiting CO2 emissions and consequently for mitigating environmental pollution

A field experiment was carried out on winter season 2012/ 2013 with wheat (Bani swif 1) grown on a clayey soil at Sids Agric. Res. Station to study the effect of sulphur (S) application and micronutrients (Mi) i.e. Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu on some properties of soil and available macronutrients in soil as well as the grain and straw yields of wheat and they chemical composition. Sulphur was added at rates of 0, 250, 500 and 1000 kg /fed alone or with afore named micronutrients which sprayed at the rate of 0.1 % Fe in the form of chelated (6%), 0.05 % Zn in the form of chelated (14 %), 0.05 % Mn in the form of chelated (13 %) and CuSO4 at rate of 1 g / L. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with 4 replicates.
The obtained results showed that the values of soil moisture retention (field capacity, wilting point and available water) were increased with increasing sulphur addition. The available contents of NPK in soil were increased with S application alone , and these increases were more pronounced when micronutrients were added. The highest treatment was found to be a mixture of 1000 kg S + Mi. This treatment reflected its positive effect on the grain and straw yields of wheat, where the highest increasing percent in the grain and straw yields of wheat reached 15.02 and 20.80 %, respectively. Data also indicated that addition of S with Mi to the studied clayey soil markedly increased the contents of NPK in wheat grains and straw, particularly at the highest rate of sulphur and Mi.
On the other hand, application of S at rate of 500 kg /fed beside sprayed with Mi gave the best treatment for all the previous parameters, because there no big differenc between 1000 kg S /fed + Mi and 500 kg S /fed + Mi or not significant

A field experiment was conducted at Ismailia Agric. Res. Station, Egypt, during summer season 2013 in order to evaluate organic manure, sulphur and microorganisms {phosphorous solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and sulphur oxidizing bacteria (SOB)} inoculation on enhancing phosphorus availability from rock phosphate (RP) and their effects on growth, yield and yield components of sesame plant. Results showed that single super phosphate resulted in the highest plant growth parameters, yield attributes, seed, biological yield and nutrients uptake by sesame seedlings at 90 days after sowing (DAS) and showed a trend similar to values of relative agronomic efficiency (RAE). Either organic manure (OM) or PSB inoculation with RP had a significant increase on plant growth parameters, nutrients uptake by sesame seedlings at 90 (DAS), as well as yield and yield components. These increases were observed when the combination of organic manure (OM) and phosphorous solubilizing bacteria (PSB) inoculation applied together with RP. These were observed for corresponding values of seed and oil yield related to plants were fertilized by RP along with tri-combination of sulphur, OM and microorganisms (PSB and SOB) giving 500 kg/fed and 225.5 kg/fed, respectively, which was not significantly different from treatment of single super phosphate. Oil percent was not significantly different between the control and other treatments without sulphur. Sulphur treatments resulted in the highest amount of oil yield/fed. Results also showed that the combination of soil amendments and bio-fertilizer can be a favorable method to increase the efficiency of naturally rock phosphate and may be considered as an effective new phosphate fertilizer for crop production

To alleviate the problems of sandy soil, some possible manipulation of soil was evaluated two separate experiments were carried out to achieve the main objective of this research. The first Expriment was a laboratory experiment, using four isolates of Fusarium solani which previously isolated from fodder beet, sugar beet, soybean and guar to estimate the efficiency of compost tea on the linear growth of different isolates of Fusarium solani. Compost tea provided pronounced reduction in mycelial growth of Fusarium solani isolates. Organic and mineral fertilizers,individually or in combination , affected root rot disease incidence. The superior treatment, T2 (75% mineral and 25% organic) recorded the least disease incidence. This treatment not only reduced disease incidence, but also increased crop parameters.
The second experiment was a field experiment, being carried out on a sandy soil located at Ismailia Research Station, Ismailia Governorate, Egypt, during two successive winter seasons of 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 ,to study the effect of different levels of mineral and organic fertilizers (alone or in combination) on root rot disease, yield ,quality of Fodder beet. (Beta vulgaris cv.Vorochenger and improving some sandy soil properties . The study included five combinations treatments of organic and inorganic fertilizers, i.e.T1 control ( Recommended dose of N.P.K. 100 % ), T2 ( 75% of N.K.+ 5 m3 fed-1 compost ) ,T3 ( 50% of N.K. + 10 m3 fed-1 compost ),T4 (25%of N.K. +15 m3 fed-1 compost ) and T5 ( 0 % of N.K. + 20 m3 fed-1 compost ). The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Significant differences were recorded among different treatments and T2 treatment gave superiority of growth traits than other treatments of fodder beet plants, i.e. root length, root diameter, shoot length , number of leaves, fresh root , shoot, dry root and shoot, biological yield( fresh and dry). The same treatment was superior in quality characteristics, i.e. crude protein, ash, crude fiber and carbohydrate. Furthermore, the incorporation of both N and K. mineral and organic caused substantial increases of content shoot and root ( % ) from N,P. and K. uptake of fodder beet plants, in both vegetative stages and harvesting time. On the other hand, different application of compost improved the soil properties , where reduced soil pH, ECe., bulk density (Mgm-3), quickly drainable pores and hydraulic conductivity .On the contrary, total porosity(%), available N.P. K. ,fine capillary pores and organic matter content were increased

Two field experiments were conducted during two successive summer seasons 2012 and 2013 on a clay soil at El-Serw Agricultural Research Station, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt. .The experiments were carried out in a randomized complete blocks design with three replicates to study effect of different types and rates of organic fertilizers which can be applied to improve some properties of salt affected soils and its productivity of maize, i.e. Poultry manure, compost and farmyard manure at the rate of (0-24-48 Mg ha-1). at three different locations in salinity levels. The results showed that the chemical and physical properties of the studied soil were clearly improved due to organic fertilizers addition. The common parameters of salt affected soils i.e., increased hydraulic conductivity (Ks),organic matter( O.M) and grain yield .On the contrary, bulk density, Penetration resistance (P.R.), pH, EC, and ESP values were decreased. . The superior improvement of these parameters was resulted from T6, T5 andT4. The amendments can be arranged, ascending as follows:
T0 Also, the growth traits i.e. Plant height, dry weight, grain yield, stover yield, N, P, K-uptake in both grains and stover of maize plant at harvesting stage significantly decreased drastically with increasing salinity levels in both two seasons as a result of salinity stress. On the contrary, previous parameters significantly increased with organic fertilization application at harvesting stage in 1st and 2nd seasons.. The highest values were obtained with low soil salinity levels + 48 Mg ha-1 poultry manure. Similar trend was found throughout the three locations

Two field experiments were conducted at the Experimental Research Station in El-Serw, Agricultural Research Center during the seasons 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 to study the effect of mineral nitrogen and organic nitrogen of compost combination treatments on grain and straw yield and N, P, K- uptake in grain and straw of some wheat varieties. The experiments were carried out in a split plot design with three replicates. Main plots were assigned to three wheat cultivars i.e., Sakha 93, Gemmiza 9 and Gemmiza 10. The sub main plots were devoted to mineral nitrogen and compost combination treatments as follows: 100 % inorganic nitrogen (90 kg fed-1), 75 % inorganic nitrogen (67.5 kg fed-1 ) + 25 % organic nitrogen (22.5 kg fed-1), 50 % inorganic nitrogen (45.0 kg fed-1 ) + 50 % organic nitrogen (45.0 kg fed-1 ), 25 % inorganic nitrogen (22.5 kg fed-1 ) + 75 % organic nitrogen (67.5 kg fed-1) and 100 % organic nitrogen (90 kg fed-1). Obtained results showed that the greatest values of wheat grain , straw yields , N, P and K uptake in both grain and straw were those of Gemmeza 10, Gemmeza 9 and Sakha 93, respectively and 100 % inorganic nitrogen, 75 % inorganic nitrogen + 25 % organic nitrogen, 50 % inorganic nitrogen + 50 % organic nitrogen, 25 % inorganic nitrogen + 75 % organic nitrogen and 100 % organic nitrogen, respectively. 100% inorganic nitrogen for Gemmiza 10 gave the highest wheat grain and straw yields and N, P, and K uptake in grain and straw. While, applying 75% inorganic nitrogen with 25% organic nitrogen produced economic wheat grain and straw yields for Sakha 93 only. So, 25% inorganic nitrogen, could be saved, and environmental pollution with mineral- N fertilizers could also be reduced. As well as improved soil properties i.e increased hydraulic conductivity,on the contrary,bulk density,Ece and pH values were decreased

Two field experiments were conducted in a private farm located at South-El-Hussynia Plain Port Said Governorate, during four successive seasons of, 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 to evaluate the profitability of industrial byproducts sugar lime, By-pass, a mixture (1) and a mixture (2) using efficiency as soil amendments, on improving some soil properties and its productivity of barley plants, comparing with gypsum under two techniques of application i.e. surface alone method and the combination method (surface+ subsurface) with intermittent leaching cycles.
The obtained results can be summarized as follows:
1- Reduction in the values of ECe, ESP and bulk density. On the contrary, H.C. and WTD were increased under the two methods of application either surface alone or in combination (surface +subsurface).
2- The combination application method (surface +subsurface) was bearing more effective than surface application method.
3- Either mixture (1) or mixture (2) was bearing more effective than the applied gypsum in both two techniques surface or (surface +subsurface).
4- Crop yield (grain and straw) of barley was significantly increased by using soil amendment treatments particularly, in the presence of (surface +subsurface) technique
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: Soil amendments efficiently improves soil fertility and crop productivity, especially poorly fertile sandy soil. This study was conducted during summer 2012 and 2013 seasons, at Ismailia Agriculture Station Research, Ismailia Governorate, Egypt. To study the effect of organic and inorganic nitrogen forms at three N rates, i.e. 15, 25 and 40 kg N fed-1 ; humic acid (0, 5 and 10 kg fed-1) and (0 and 10 Mg fed-1) compost on sandy soil content nutrients availability, yield, oil (%), protein (%) content as well as nutrients content of peanut plants. Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Varity Giza 6 was use in the study as treated plants. The results showed that soil treated with humic acid combined with mineral nitrogen at rate of 40 kg N fed-1 in the presence of compost showed an increase in available N, P and K in compared with soil without compost. Relative increases in mean values of Fe, Mn and Zn were soil found in the pots treated with humic acid combined with mineral nitrogen without compost in the first season, while the mean value of Mn was increased with the soil treated with humic acid combined with mineral nitrogen and compost in second seasons. Increase in pod yield (Mg fed-1); seed yield (Mg fed-1) and 100 grain weight (g) in the second season was noticed with the plots treated with humic acid combined with mineral nitrogen and compost compared with the other treatments. The concentration of N, P and K by peanut seeds significantly increased amounted due to soil addition of humic acid combined with mineral nitrogen and compost compared with the other treatments. Concerning the oil (%) concentration of peanut seeds, results showed no significantly differences in both seasons as affected by all treatments without compost. Humic acid application and mineral nitrogen rates with or without compost significantly affected on Mn and Zn concentration in peanut seeds plants were significantly in both seasons, while the Fe concentration was not significantly affected in first season