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Tile drainage efficiency as affected by soil and hydrological properties at the north of El-Fayoum Governorate
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Abstract: This work aims to evaluate tile drainage efficiency as affected by soil (physical and chemical) and hydrological properties at the north of El-Fayoum Governorate. To fulfill the practical approaches in this work, field studies and laboratory analyses were carried out. Three longitudinal lines started from the lake coast towards the south direction of the depression, were chosen. On each line, nine sites were selected. In each site, disturbed and undisturbed soil samples and water samples were collected. Besides, the fluctuations of shallow and deep ground water table were recorded and some hydrological parameters related to drainage efficiency were calculated.
The obtained results showed that the values of soil reaction, soil salinity (Ece), soluble cations and anions and SAR were very high in the soils located close to Qaroun lake and decreased with increasing the distance from the lake. In addition, the values of EC and SAR in lake water were very high and considered as the main reason to deteriorate the soils close to the lake. Also, the salinity and alkalinity values of drainage and ground water were affected by that of lake water.
Texture classes of the soils in the north of El-Fyoum Governorate ranged between clay and clay loam where the finest texture classes were noticed to be increase towards the lake. The opposite trend was noticed for the coarse fractions (fine and coarse sand). Moreover, the values of CaCO3, bulk density, total soil porosity, water holding pores and fine capillary pores were decreased with the increase of the distance from the lake. While the values of hydraulic conductivity (K) and soil drainable porosity (f), quickly drainable pores were very low in the soils close to the lake and increased with increasing the distance from the lake.
The deepest water table and the cumulative occurrence of water table deeper than 80 cm, relative ground water depth (R.G.W.D), water table draw down and drainage intensity factor (a) were recorded in the soils located far from the lake and decreased towards the lake. In the contrary, the highest values of relative leached salts and the flow entrance resistance (We) were achieved in the soils close to Qaroun lake and gradually decrease with increasing the distance from the lake.
The calculated drainage efficiency parameters revealed that tile drainage performance in the soils near to the lake was poor. In addition, Qaroun lake affected soil physical, chemical and hydrological properties related to drainage. This finding must be taken into consideration concerning drainage design. On the other side, the upward movement of saline ground water must be reduced by decreasing the drain spacing and/ or increasing drain depth using suitable envelop materials, and using a proper drain diameter. In addition, water drain pumps are needed to be established to evacuate the drainage water from the interceptor open drain directly to Qaroun Lake
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| Publication year |
2002
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| Availability location |
كلية الزراعة - جامعة عين شمس(معهد بحوث الاراضى والمياه والبيئة)
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| Availability number |
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| Organization Name |
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| Country |
Egypt
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| Department |
Field Drainage Research
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| Author(s) from ARC |
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| Agris Categories |
Drainage
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AGROVOC
TERMS |
Chemicophysical properties.
Soil salinity.
Subsurface drainage.
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| Proposed Agrovoc |
hydrological properties;salt affected properties;
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| Publication Type |
PhD Thesis
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