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Leaching of Saline Sandy and Clay Soils Using Constant Head and Drip Irrigation Techniques
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Abstract: The current study was conducted on two soils extremely varied in their textures; i.e. sandy (Meet Kennana area, Qalubia Governorate) and clay soils (El-Zankalon area, Sharkia Governorate) to leach the excess salts accumulated in sandy and clay soils, using two different leaching techniques: the constant head volume technique, and the drip technique .
The results revealed that under all treatments, the maximum leaching of salts occurred after the first leaching. It amounted to percentages of total salts ranging between 60 % and 79 % .According to the data, the amounts of salts leached depend on the total salt content of the soil .Moreover, The rate of salt leaching is considerably reduced after the first leaching in all cases. The amounts of salts leached as percentages of the total salts present ranged between 14.6 and 8.4 % for the three sandy columns under constant head and 12.1 and 26.4 % under drip irrigation. In the clay soil samples, the second leaching resulted in a reduction of4.5 %-12.3 % for constant head technique and 4.3% -17.8% for drip technique . With successive leachings , the reduction in the accumulated salts continued, but at a lower rate .
In general , 90 % of the initial salt contents were leached after the 5th to the 12th water application in clay soils. Whereas, in sandy soil, 90 % of the initial salt contents were leached after the 3rd to the 8th water application. So, identifying a well organized and the most economical leaching programme can lead to good results while obtaining a considerable saving in the valuable fresh water needed for leaching, at the same time obtaining effective salt leaching results .
Comparing the constant head and drip irrigation leaching techniques, the total figures for leached salts after a large number of leachings is in general highest in sandy soils and greater with drip application than with amounted to 93.4% ,95.9 % and 98.2% for sandy; 92.8% , 96.6 % and 98.6 % for clay for the three initial salt contents treatments, respectively under constant head, and 95.9 % , 97.8 % and 97.1 % for sandy; 94.5 % 97.2% and 99.2% for clay respectively under drip application. Under these conditions, the drip irrigation leaching technique is an effective method, functioning best in saline sandy soils, where it proved more effective than surface applications
The obtained values of final soil ECe after leaching are much lower in sandy soils than in clay soils for all soil depths, and the reduction in ECe- values with soil depth is clearer in sandy soil than in clay soil
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| Publication year |
2004
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| Pages |
796
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| Availability location |
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, ARC
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| Availability number |
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| Organization Name |
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| Country |
Egypt
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| City |
Zagazig
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| Publisher |
Name:
The Egyptian Society of Applied Sciences
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| serial title |
Egyptian Journal of Applied Sciences
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| ISSN |
1110-1571
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| Volume |
19
. 11B
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| Department |
Improvement and Conservation of Cultivated Soils Research
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| Author(s) from ARC |
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| Agris Categories |
Drainage
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AGROVOC
TERMS |
Clay soils.
Irrigation methods.
Leaching.
Saline soils.
Sandy soils.
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| Publication Type |
Journal
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