Abstract: The experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of using different protein sources (cotton seed meal, gluten meal, molasses yeast, soybean meal-48%,Linseed meal corn steep barley radicle cassava leaved,corn germ meal sunflower seed meal full-fat rapeseed sesame seed meal Pea pods dried olive pulp with pit) as a partial substitute for soybean meal (44%) protein in rabbit diets on nutrients digestibility, nutritive value animal, blood parameters, carcass characteristics, performance and feeding costs. The substitution level is varied according to the protein content of each source as followed:
FEEDSTUFFS CORUDE PROTEIN % PARTIAL SUBSTITUTE
High protein sources<40%
Control (SBM44%) gource 44 100
Cotton Seed Meal 40 75
Gluten Meal 52 75
Molassas Yeast dried 40 75
Soybean Meal 48% 47 75
Medium protein source (from 20-40% protein)
Linseed Meal 28.5 50
Corn Steep Liquor dried 27 50
Barely Radicle 22 25
Cassava Leaved dried 23 25
Corn Germ Meal 20 25
Sunflower Seed Meal 25 25
Full Fat Rapeseed 23 15
Sesame Seed Meal 21 15
Low protein source ( < 20% protein)
Pea Pods Dried 16.5 15
Olive Pulp with Pit 5.8 5
One hundred and twenty, 60 males and 60 females, 5 week old New Zealand white weaned rabbits, of 685 gm average weight were divided into fifteen groups and housed in a Sparta cages. The fifteen experimental diets were formulated to be iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric. Vitamins and minerals premix was add to cover rabbits requirements as NRC (1977) recommendations.
Results obtained could be summarized as follows:
A) Nutritional evaluation:
1) The experimental diets had nearly the same chemical composition.
Diets composition were 90.13 - 90.88; 81 - 53 - 83.51; 15.71 - 16.47;
2.32 - 4.85; 12.65 - 13.87 and 48.27 - 51.24%for DM, OM. CP, CF, EE
and NFE: respectively.
2) The digestion coefficients of diet nutrients were ranged from 68.00 to
71.80% for DM; 67.60 - 74.90% for OM; 66.20 - 73.20% for CP; 30.00
- 39.10% for CF; 76.30 - 83.60% for EE and 74.80 - 80.80% for NFE.
3) The nutritive value as TDN values were not significant difference
among experimental diets the highest TDN value was obtained with
sesame seed residue diet, and the lowest value was obtained for
soybean meal 48% diet. However, most diets showed insignificant
difference in DCP when compared with the control diet, while diets as
corn germ meal had lower (P < .05) DCP than that of the control diet.
B) Rabbits performance:
The average daily feed intake (gm), daily body weight gain (gm) and feed conversion (gm gain/gm feed) were 34, 93 and 2.75 for control diet, 34, 88 and 2.62 for cottonseed meal diet, 29, 84 and 2.84 for gluten meal diet, 33.95 and 2.83 for molasses yeast diet, 31, 95 and 3.11 for soybean meal (48%) diet, 34.92 and 2.71 for linseed meal diet, 25.79 and 3.17 for corn steep liquor diet, 27.88 and 3.25 for barley radicle diet, 29, 100 and 3.40 for cassava leaves diet; 24,811 and 3.42 for corn germ meal diet, 31, 96 and 3.12 for sunflower seed meal diet, 3, 93 and 3.15 for full-fat rapeseed, 30, 84 and 2.82 for sesame seed residue diet; 29, 95 and 3.22 for pea pods diet and 32, 94 and 2,93 for olive pulp with it diet. Diets of corn steep liquor, barley radicle and com germ meal showed lower (P < 0.05) daily body weight gain than the control diet, while the other diets showed insignificant differences. Moreover, corn steep liquor and corn germ meal diets had lower (P< 0.01) daily feed intake than the control diet. Feed conversion ratio was the best for the cottonseed meal diet and the least for the corn germ meal diet.
C) CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS:
1) Carcass and dressing percentage of rabbits fed the experimental diets
were ranged from 48.50 to 55.80% and from 54.30 to 60.50%.
2) Giblet, liver, kidneys and heart percentage were ranged from 4.7 to
5.70%, 3.60 to 4.60 to 4.60%, 1.00 to 1.10% and 0.53 to 0.57% respectively.
D ) BLOOD PARAMETERS;.
1) Value of total protein, total cholesterol and total lipids for the experimental diets were ranged from 5.72 to 6.97 mg/100ml; 47.07 to 84.16 mg/100 ml and Q207 to 0.352 g/100 ml, respectively. Diets of corn steep liquor, barley radicle and corn germ meal had lower (P < 0.05) total protein value when compared with other diets. No significant difference was reported among the control, molasses yeast and soybean meal (48%) diets in blood cholesterol. While it was lower in other diets especially in diets of gluten meal,corn steep liquor an and barley radicle. Most diets showed higher total lipid value than the control diet, except diets of corn steep liquor, full-fat rapeseed and olive pulp with pit which had lower values.
3) GOT and GPT values were ranged from 29.48 to 43.76 unit / 100 mg and 27.86 to 32.01 (unit/00 mg). Diets with corn steep liquor, barley radicle and corn germ meal had the lowest GOT and GPT values.
E) ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY:
The feed cost of experimental diets was approximately the same, and the values ranged from 34.3 to 43.6 P. T./kg feed for diets with corn germ meal or with soybean meal (48%) Diets with cotton seed meal, molasses yeast, linseed meal, corn steep liquor, barley radicle, cassava leaves, corn germ meal sunflower seed meal, sesame seed residue, pea pods and olive pulp with pit had lower value to that of control diet. However, the economic efficiency % was ranged from 415.75 for soybean meal 48% to 578% for linseed meal. The experimental diets exhibited a superior economic efficiencies than the control diet (soybean meal 44%), with no significant difference.
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