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Physiological and Biochemical Responses in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
Fed radiation processed aflatoxin contaminated diet
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Abstract: Aflatoxin (AFs) contamination of foods and livestock feeds is an ongoing problem. In this research, the amelioration of aflatoxicosis in Japanese quails was examined by the radiation processing of their contaminated-diets, as a physical detoxifying method. Diets contaminated with two different levels of AFB1 (2 or 5 mg kg-1 diet) were subjected to 10, 20, or 30 kGy and fed to growing Japanese quails for 5 weeks. The physiological and biochemical responses were evaluated for irradiation ability to reduce the deleterious effects of 2 and 5 mg AFB kg-1 diet. A total of 270 seven-day-old Japanese quail chicks were assigned to 2 factorial arrangements of nine treatments (level of toxin and radiation dose) each consisted of three replicates with 10 quails per pen. The significant adverse effect of AFB1 on the food consumption, body-weight gain, food conversion ratio, mortality rate and internal organ weights, from the first week onwards, were determined.
Radiation processing reduced concentration of AFB1 in all experimental diets and significantly reduced the deleterious effects of AFB1 on food consumption, body-weight gain, food conversion ratio, and the relative weights of most observed organs, as a function of radiation dose. Muscles, liver, kidneys and heart tissues were analyzed for aflatoxin (AF) residues. The residual level of AFBI was significantly higher in liver than in kidneys, muscles or heart. The level in the observed organs and the muscles was lower in those received irradiated diet at high 30 kGy. Plasma samples were tested for glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP urea and creatininne. They were significantly increased in AF treated groups in comparison with those received AF-containing diet and irradiated up to 30 kGy. Birds ate contaminated diet with both level of toxin were suffered from the lower level of total proteins, albumin, globulin. phosphorus and calcium.
A function of radiation doses the physiological and biochemical responses in quails fed irradiated AF-containing diets were significantly improved, 30-kGy radiation dose was more effective in this respect.
The current study showed that the use of radiation processing in AF-contaminated feed (2 or 5 mg kg-1 diet), significantly reduced negative effects of AF on toxicity. This effect can be related to the change in the AF molecule structure by the irradiation treatment into less toxic forms.
AFs contamination in birds feed may cause economic losses by lowering body wt. gain. Therefore, lower levels of AFs in the bird feeds should be required if all acceptable risk is to be avoided. Additionally, the risk of AFs in birds as a food appears to remain very low, although the levels of Afs in human food should be kept as low as possible to reduce the incidence of hepatic cancer.
Keyword: Aflatoxins, mycotoxicosis, quail, growth, plasma biochemistry, radiation processing, animal feed.
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| Publication year |
2008
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| Pages |
649-676
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| Availability location |
معهد بحوث الانتاج الحيوانى-شارع نادى الصيد- الدقى- الجيزة
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| Availability number |
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| Organization Name |
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| serial title |
Egyptian Journal of Radiation Science Application
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| ISSN |
1110-0303
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| Author(s) from ARC |
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| External authors (outside ARC) |
هنية فتحى غريب النيلى
قسم بحوث تشعيع الاغذية - المركز القومى لبحوث تكنولوجيا الاشعاع
عبد العظيم فهمى عبد العظيم
جامعة الازهر
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| Agris Categories |
Animal physiology - Nutrition
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AGROVOC
TERMS |
Aflatoxins.
Animal feeding.
Growth.
Quails.
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| Proposed Agrovoc |
radiation processing;plasma biochemistry;mycotoxicosis;
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| Publication Type |
Journal
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